Abstract: Objective:To investigate the effects of tympanoplasty through mastoidectomy in treatment of otitis media with cholesteatoma.Methods:Thirty cases with otitis media with cholesteatoma were treated with tympanoplasty through mastoidectomy.Results:Survival of transplanted fascia and dry ears of 30 cases were observed during following up for 6 months to 2 years.Puretone audiometry and the gas Guide mean of language frequency were improved after sugery.Conclusions:Treatment of otitis media with cholesteatoma by tympanoplasty through mastoidectomy can completely remove lesion,improve hearing and decrease recurrence rates,which has certain clinical application value.