Abstract: Objective:To explore the rate and indications of cesarean section in the past seven years.Methods:The clinical data of 5 685 puerpera of hospital childbirth were retrospectively analysed.The puerpera undergoned cesarean sectionwere 3 272 cases.Results:The rate of cesarean section increased with years,which was 44.94% in 2005 and 68.23% in 2011,and their difference was statistically significant(P0.01).Social factors,fetal distress,dystocia,pregnancy complications,scar uterus and breech presentation were the main indications of cesarean section,and the first factor of cesarean section was social factors.Conclusions:Strictly controlling indications,strengthening monitoring during pregnancy and labor observation,improving the understanding of medical staff and puerpera,actively deal with dystocia and reducing social factors are the key factors to reduce the rate of cesarean section.