Abstract: Objective: To discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of leukemia complicated with invasive pulmonary fungal infection(IPFI).Methods:Eleven cases with leukemia complicated with IPFI were treated with operation,which included pulmonary wedge resection in 5 cases and pulmonary lobectomy in 6 cases.Al2 patients were treated with antifungal drugs before and after operation,and followed up after operation.Results:No case died during perioperative period,aspergillus infection in 7 cases,mucor infection in 2 case,cryptococcus infection in 1 case and mixed infection in 2 case were confirmed by pathologic examination.Three cases died of leukemia relapse and no fungus recurrence case was found.Conclusions:IPFI treated with surgical resection can reduce the fungal relapse during chemotherapy period of leukemia patients.