Abstract: Objective: To explore the roles of transforming growth factor 1(TGF1) ，TGFRⅠ and TGFRⅡ in the development of the large intestine cancer.Methods: The expressions of TGF1，TGFRⅠ and TGFRⅡ of colorectal adenoma of 50 cases， large intestine cancer of 40 cases and normal tissue of 20 cases were detected through immunohistochemistry.Results: The expressions of TGF1 and TGFRⅡ of the three groups were statistical significant(P0.01) ，but not different for TGFRⅠ(P0.05) .The expression of TGF1 in colorectal adenoma and large intestine cancer with Duke's A stage was statistical significant(P0.05) ，but not different for TGFRⅠ and TGFRⅡ(P0.05) .Conclusions: The expressions of TGF1 and TGFRⅡ in normal tissue， colorectal adenoma and large intestine cancer are different，which demonstrate that the expression may participate the forming of large intestine cancer， and TGF1 may play some roles in the early stage of colorectal adenoma-carcinoma transition.