Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical effects and toxic reaction of idarubicin(IDA) on the acute myeloid leukemia(AML) .Methods: Thirty-nine patients with AML were randomly divided into treatment group，which were treated with IDA and Ara-C(23 cases) and control group which were treated with daunorubicin combined with Ara-C(16 cases) .The remission rates and toxic reaction of two groups were observed.Results: The complete remission， total effective and severe infection rates of the treatment and control group were 82.6%and 43.8%， 91.3% and 62.5% and 40.0% and 41.7%， respectively.The difference of total effective of two groups was statistical significant(P0.05) ，but for not severe infection rates(P0.05) .Conclusions: The effects of treatment of AML with chemotherapeutic scheme containing IDA are good.