Abstract: Objective: To investigate the efficacy of intensive insulin therapy in treatment of stress hyperglycemia caused by acute cerebral stroke.Methods: One hundred and sixty nondiabete cases with stress hyperglycaemia caused by acute cerebral stroke were randomly divided into the observation group and control group(80 cases each group) .The observation group were treated with intensive insulin and the levels of blood glucose were controlled at the range of 4.4 to 6.1 mmol /L.The contol group were treated with conventional insulin when the levels of blood glucose were greater than or equal to 11.1 mmol /L and the levels of blood glucose were controlled at the range of 8.0 to 11.1 mmol /L.The mortality， the incidence of infection complication and the neural function recovery of two groups were observed.Results: The incidence of pulmonary and urinary tract infection and mortality of the observation group were 8.75% and 6.25%，and 2.50%， respectively，which were significantly lower than that of the control group(P0.01) .The nerve function scores of the observation group were better than that of the control group on the 15 and 30 days in hospital(P0.01) .Conclusions: Intensive insulin therapy can decrease the mortality and the incidence of infection of acute cerebral stroke complicated with stress hyperglycaemia and promote neural function recovery.