Abstract: Objective: To analyse the risk factors of deaths with acute cerebrovascular disease treated with mechanical ventilation. Methods: Eight-one patients with acute cerebrovascular disease treated with mechanical ventilation were divided into survival group and death group according to the hospital death. The clinical data of all patients were statistically analysed. Results: The differences of activated partial thromboplastin time，blood glucose， chronic health evaluation， incision of trachea， lung infection， infratentorial lesions，hemorrhage injury，hospitalization time，ICU length of stay and mechanical ventilation time between two groups were statistical significance( P ＜ 0. 05 － P ＜ 0. 01) . The duration of mechanical ventilation，blood glucose， infratentorial lesions， lung infection were independent risk factors of death，hospitalization time was protective factors of death( P ＜ 0. 05 － P ＜ 0. 01) . Conclusions: The patients with long mechanical ventilation time，high blood sugar， infratentorial lesions and lung infection should be closely monitored and treated correspondingly，which can reduce the mortality rate of patients and improve patients prognosis.