Abstract: ObjectiveTo explore the value of electronic bronchoscope in the diagnosis of atelectasis. Methods: The features of electronic bronchoscope， the causes and location of disease and age of patients of 298 cases with atelectasis were comprehensively analyzed.Results: Among 298 patients with atelectasis， lung cancer in 199 cases， inflammation in 61 cases， tuberculosis in 19 cases，foreign bodies in 5 cases， aspergillus in 3 cases， sputum bolt in 3 cases，Wegener's granulomatosis in 1 case and no clear causes in 7 cases were found.Two hundred and ninty one cases were diagnosed， the diagnostic rate was 97.65%.The incidence rate of right lung atelectasis was significantly higher than that in left lung，upper lobe atelectasis rather than under the leaves ( P 0.01) .The incidence of lung cancer in elderly people( more than 40 years) were significantly higher than that in young people( less than or equal to 40years) .The incidences of inflammation and tuberculosis in young were higher than those in elderly people( P 0.05 to P 0.01) . Conclusions: It is important of electronic bronchoscope to diagnose the cause of atelectasis.