Abstract: Objective: To investigate the expression of B7-H4 in lymphoma and and its clinical significance. Methods: The expression of B7-H4 in 30 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL) ，7 patients with Hodgkin lymphoma(HL) and 8 patients with benign hyperplastic lymphadenitis were detected using EliVision Plus immunohistochemistry. The correlation of B7-H4 expression with gender, age and disease stage were analyzed by clinical pathology data. results: The positive rate of B7-H4 expression in lymphoma(37 cases) and benign hyperplastic lymphadenitis (8 cases) patients were 54. 1%) and 0. 0%，respectively，the difference of which was statistically significant(P ＜ 0. 05) . The positive rate of B7-H4 expression in NHL and HL patients were 56. 7% and 3 /7, respectively, the difference of which was not statistically significant(P = 0. 680) . The positive rate of B7-H4 expression in stage Ⅰ/Ⅱand Ⅲ/Ⅳ patients were 18. 8% and 81. 0%, respectively, the difference of which was statistically significant(P = 0. 000 2) . The differences of positive rates of B7-H4 expression between gender and age in 37 cases with lymphoma were not statistical significance(P = 0. 330 and P = 0. 746) . Conclusions: The expression of B7-H4 is associated with the pathogenesis of lymphoma，which can be used as an effective index to identify the lymphoma and benign hyperplastic lymphadenitis, and has not clinical value between HL and NHL.