Abstract: Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of sufentanil and fentanyl on agitation of children treated with tonsillectomy under sevoflurane anesthesia.Methods: Sixty children treated with tonsillectomy under sevoflurane anesthesia were randomly divided into the A,B and C group(20 cases each group).The group B,C and A were intravenously injected with 2 μg/kg of fentanyl,0.2 μg/kg of sufentanil and the same volume of saline,respectively.Results: The incidence of severe agitation in group C was significantly lower than that in group A(P<0.01).The heart rate and arterial pressure before intubation and at 1 min after intubation were significantly lower than those in entering the operating room in group B and group C,and which was lower than those in group A(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Conclusions: The effects of the intravenous injecting sufentanil on agitation of children treated with tonsillectomy under sevoflurane anesthesia during the recovery period are good,which can significantly reduce the incidence of agitation,and do not affect the time of awakening and recovery of children.