Abstract: Objective: To explore the causes and preventive measures for neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: The causes of neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in 77 newborns(51 male and 26 female) were analyzed.Active treatments were given according to the causes.Results: The causes of neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia included infectious factors(58.24%),perinatal factors(26.37%),breast-feeding jaundice(12.09%) and hemolytic disease of the newborn(3.30%).The infectious factors were the most common causes for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in the newborns.However,several causes leading to hyperbilirubinemia might exist in the same newborn.In this study,16.88% cases of hyperbilirubinemia were induced by more than one causes.Prognosis is good.Among the 77 cases,64 cases were cured,12 cases improved,and 1 case was given up.Conclusions: In order to reduce the incidence of neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia,more emphasis should be put on the health care of the perinatal period.