Objective To explore the predictive value of serum chemokine CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and CC chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4) levels in the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods A total of 138 AMI patients admitted to Hainan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2019 to July 2020 were selected as the research objects, and were divided into no VA group (85 cases) and VA occurrence group (53 cases) according to whether the patients developed VA or not. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum CCL2 and CCL4 levels. Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between serum CCL2 and CCL4 levels in patients with AMI in VA group. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of VA in AMI patients. ROC curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum CCL2 and CCL4 levels for VA in patients with AMI.

Results The levels of white blood cells, creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB), troponin, serum CCL2 and CCL4 in AMI patients in VA group were significantly higher than those in non-VA group (P ＜ 0.05). The serum CCL2 level in AMI patients in VA group was positively correlated with CCL4 level (r = 0.518, P＜0.05). Leukocytes, CK-MB, troponin, serum CCL2, CCL4 were independent influences on VA in patients with AMI (P＜0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC) of serum CCL2 and CCL4 levels for predicting the occurrence of VA in AMI patients were 0.723 and 0.792, respectively, the corresponding sensitivity were 69.8% and 86.8%, the specificity were 67.1% and 60.0%, respectively. The AUC of the two combined to predict the occurrence of VA in AMI patients was 0.901, and the sensitivity and specificity were 88.7% and 75.3%, respectively.

Conclusion The serum levels of CCL2 and CCL4 in AMI patients with VA are higher, and the detection of serum CCL2 and CCL4 levels is helpful to clinically predict whether AMI patients will develop VA.