Abstract: Objective:To study the characteristics of anatomy and pathology of congenital cervical atresia and investigate the appropriateness of cervicovaginal plasty.Methods:The pathological examination was performed on hysterectomy specimens from 1 case of type Ⅰ,4 cases of type Ⅱ,2 cases of type Ⅲ and 1 case of type Ⅳ,and on biopsy tissue specimens of hematocele cyst cavity that connected under uterine body from 5 cases of type Ⅰ.The prognosis of patients with uterus preserved was followed up.Results:After 18 cases of patients with Type Ⅰ cervix atresia who were performed with cervicovaginal plasty,none of case was suffered from dysmenorrhea within half a year.Long-term follow-up on 13 cases of patients complicated with complete vaginal atresia,3 case-times of 2 persons have been performed lower uterine segmental cesarean section under natural pregnancy till full term,resulting 2 male babies and 1 female baby had been born successfully.One case of type Ⅱ patient who was performed with cervicovaginal plasty with combination of abdomen and cervix still suffered from dysmenorrheal and was no pregnancy.Two cases of type Ⅳ patient were performed cervicovaginal plasty with combine of abdomen and cervix with catheters indwelling in cervix duct cavities when surgery,dysmenorrhea was not happened.Conclusions:The diagnostic criterion for categorization of congenital cervical atresia is of significant clinical value for its diagnosis and treatment.