Abstract: Objective: To investigate the protective mechanism and efficacy of Xuebijing injection on multiple organ functions in critical ill patients.Methods: Fifty-two critical ill patients were randomly divided into Xuebijing group and contrast group.In Xuebijing group,50 ml Xuebijing injection was dropped intravenously twice per day and continued for 10 days.The other treatment given to two groups were same,including anti-inflammation,symptomatic treatment,nutritional support therapy,doing operation for trauma patients,applying auxiliary breath for some patients according to patient's condition and so on.The levels of some inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 and serum biochemical indexes were determined on the first,4th and 10th day after treatment.Results: After treatment,the levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly decreased in these two groups,and it was more obvious in Xuebijing group compared with contrast group (P<0.01);the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,actate dehydrogenase,creatine kinase and isoenzyme of creatine kinase were significantly decreased after treatment in these two groups (P<0.01),and all these indexes were decreased more remarkably in Xuebijing group (P<0.01).Conclusions: Xuebijing injection has an important protection effect on liver,renal and heart in critical ill patients.