Abstract: Objective: To compare the effect of esmolol (ESM) and/or fentanil on hemodynamic response in tracheal intubation.Methods: One hundred and two adult patients were randomly divided into three groups.Group A and B were administered 2 mg/kg ESM,and group B and C were given 2 μg/kg fentanil before intubation.Tracheal intubation was performed with 0.3 mg/kg etomidate,0.1 mg/kg midazolam and 0.1 mg/kg vecuronium.The SBP,DBP and HR were measured before and after intubation and the RPP was calculated.Results: The SBP,DBP and RPP in group B decreased 1,3 and 5 min after intubation (P<0.05 to P<0.01).The HR in group A and B was lower than that in group C (P<0.01).Conclusions: ESM 2 mg/kg may reduce the hemodynamic response to a certain degree,and ESM 2 mg/kg and fentanil 2 μg/kg can effectively attenuate the hemodynamic response in intubation.