Objective To explore the effect of dietary management based on the COM-B model in elderly patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods Seventy-four elderly patients treated with PCI were selected as study subjects by convenience sampling method, and divided into the control group and intervention group by random number table method (37 cases each group). The control group were given the conventional dietary care, and the intervention group were given the dietary management based on the COM-B model. The dietary health behavior scores, dietary structure, blood lipids and body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) between two groups were compared before and after 6 weeks of intervention.

Results After 6 weeks of intervention, the score of dietary health behavior in the intervention group was higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05). In the dietary structure, the cereal intake in the intervention group was lower than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05), and the intake of whole grains, fruits, soybeans and nuts in the intervention group was higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05). The total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels in the intervention group were lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05), and the triacylglycerol and body mass index (BF%) in the intervention group were lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).

Conclusions Dietary management based on COM-B model can promote the dietary health behavior of patients after PCI, help to improve the dietary structure, BMI, BF% and blood lipid indexes of patients, and promote the recovery of patients.