Objective To analyze the effects of rehabilitation nursing based on IMB concept combined with cardiac puncture in dialysis patients with autologous arteriovenous fistula.

Methods A total of 153 dialysis patients were retrospectively selected, and divided into the control group (treated with cardiac puncture + routine nursing) and observation group (treated with cardiac puncture + IMB combined with rehabilitation nursing) according to different intervention methods recorded in the medical record system. The general demographic data of patients were collected, and the baseline data of two groups were balanced by propensity score matching (PSM). After matching, the puncture blood flow compliance rate, puncture success rate, dialysis adequacy, self-care ability scale (ESCA) score, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score, self-rating depression scale (SDS), quality of life and complications between two groups were compared.

Results The PSM matching was performed according to 1:1 ratio. A total of 80 patients were included in the observation group and control group, and the difference of baseline data between two groups were not statistically significant. The puncture blood flow compliance rate, success rateand dialysis adequacy in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). There was no statistical significance in the ESCA score, SAS and SDS scores and quality of life score between two groups before nursing (P ＞ 0.05). After nursing, the ESCA score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),the SAS and SDS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05), the quality of life in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05), and the total complication rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).

Conclusions The cardiac puncture combined with IMB rehabilitation nursing in dialysis patients with autologous arteriovenous fistula can, on the one hand, improve the puncture blood flow rate, puncture success rate and dialysis adequacy, and prevent complications; on the other hand, it is beneficial to improve self-care ability and quality of life, and alleviate patients' adverse emotions, which has clinical application value and should be advocated and promoted.