Abstract: Objective: To investigate the correlations of serum prealbumin(PA),highly sensitive C reactive protein(Hs-CRP) and C reactive protein(CRP) in premature infants with the gestational age and premature rupture of membranes.Methods: Serum PA,Hs-CRP and CRP of 80 preterm infants who were born within 48 hours,and had an affirmed gestation age and birth history were detected within 24-48 hours after birth;the relevant clinical data including gestation age,premature rupture of membrane and the time of premature rupture of membrane were recorded.Results: Serum PA,Hs-CRP and CRP in the premature infants with a gestation age of less than 32 weeks,32-33⁺⁶ weeks and 34-36⁺⁶ weeks had no statistical difference(P>0.05).Serum PA levels in cases with no premature rupture of membrane,or the time of membrane rupture less than 6 hours,6-24 hours and more than 24 hours before birth have no statistical difference(P>0.05),while serum Hs-CRP and CRP levels were statistically different(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Serum Hs-CRP and CRP levels in cases with membrane rupture above 24 hours before birth were obviously higher than those in other groups(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Conclusions: Serum PA,Hs-CRP and CRP levels in preterm infants have no correlation with the gestation age.Serum Hs-CRP and CRP levels are related to the premature rupture of membrane and the time of premature rupture of membrane;serum Hs-CRP and CRP levels in cases with membrane rupture above 24 hours before birth increase significantly;serum PA levels are not concerned with the premature rupture of membrane or the time of premature rupture of membrane.