Abstract: Objective: To study the misdiagnosis factors and operations for urethral syndrome.Methods: Three hundred and twenty-two cases(including 112 misdiagnosed cases before operation) of urethral syndrome were treated by urethral meatoplasty and the clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.Results: All the cases were followed up for 6-12 months.Two hundred and forty-one cases were cured,51 improved and 30 cases had no response.The total effective rate was 90.7%.Conclusions: The urological examination should not be neglected in the physical examination.The urethral meatoplasty is a useful and effective procedure for treatment of urethral syndrome.