Abstract: Objective: To explore the correlation between family factors together with parent-child attachment and the aggressive behaviors in middle school students so as to provide basis for prevention of the behavior. Methods: Two thousand six hundred and twenty-six students from 4 middle schools in Bengbu were investigated with stratified and random cluster sampling method. All the students were surveyed by a self-designed questionnaire,Aggressive Questionnaire and Inventory of Parents. Results: The students'grade,gender,parental occupation,rearing pattern,attitude and parent-child attachment all affected the aggressive behavior of the middle school students to some extent (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the main influential factors for middle school students'aggressive behaviors were parental alienation (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The middle school students'aggressive behaviors are related with family factors,and the degree of parent-child attachment and parental alienation are risk factors for the aggressive behaviors of middle school students.