Objective To explore the correlation between vaginal microecological disorder and immune indexes in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection.

Methods A total of 147 patients receiving HR-HPV infection treatment were selected as the observation group, and which were further divided into the disorder group (93 cases) and the normal group (54 cases) according to the presence or absence of vaginal microecological imbalance, and 140 healthy women in the same period were selected as the control group. The serum levels of interleukin (IL) -6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgM, IgG and T cell subsets CD8⁺, CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in each group were detected, and the correlation between immune indexes and vaginal microecological dysbiosis was analyzed.

Results The differences of the bacterial density, diversity, pH, H2O2, leucocyte esterase, Nugent score, lactobacillus ratio and vaginal microecological imbalance between th observation group and control group were statistically signifciant (P ＜ 0.01), and there was no statistical significance in the cleanliness between two groups (P ＞ 0.05). The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, CD8⁺, IgA, IgG and IgM in the disorder group were higher than those in normal group and control group (P ＜ 0.05), while the levels of the CD3⁺, CD4⁺and CD4⁺/CD8⁺in the disorder group were lower than those in normal group and control group (P ＜ 0.05). The Nugent score was positively correlated with TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, CD8⁺, IgA, IgG and IgM in HR-HPV infected patients (P ＜ 0.01), and negatively correlated with CD3⁺, CD4⁺and CD4⁺/CD8⁺(P ＜ 0.01).

Conclusions The serum immune indexes of patients with HR-HPV infection are highly expressed, which is closely related to the vaginal micro-ecological disorders.