ObjectiveTo explore the significance of prognostic nutritional index(PNI) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR) in the prediction of initial efficacy and prognosis of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC) patients treated with abiraterone acetate(AA) and prednisone.

MethodsThe data of 40 mCRPC patients treated with AA combined with prednisone were collected using the cohort study method.The patients were followed up in outpatient clinics before and 1 month after treatment.Serum albumin, neutrophil count, and peripheral blood lymphocyte count of patients were detected and the corresponding PNI and NLR were further calculated.The influencing factors of initial efficacy of AA treatment were analyzed, and the factors associated with prostate-specific antigen(PSA), progression-free survival(PSA-PFS), radiological progression-free survival(rPFS), and overall survival(OS) were also screened.

ResultsThe initial efficacy of AA treatment was significantly different between the median baseline PSA and baseline PNI values(P < 0.05).The initial efficacy of AA treatment was significantly different among the median PSA-PFS, median rPFS, and median OS survival indicators(P < 0.05).There were significant differences in body mass index of different grades between groups with different levels of PNI(P < 0.05).Gleason scores were significantly different between groups in PNI and NLR indexes(P < 0.05).Patients with median baseline PSA level and low baseline PNI value were more likely to develop PSA flare phenomenon during AA treatment(P < 0.05).Baseline PSA value, baseline PNI value, and baseline NLR value may be the influencing factors of initial efficacy of AA treatment(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).

ConclusionsPNI and NLR can be used as independent indicators to predict the prognosis of mCRPC patients treated with AA.Moreover, they may be important influencing factors of the initial efficacy of AA in mCRPC patients.