Abstract: Objective: To analyze the trend of neonatal diseases and fatality rate of the newborns between 1983 and 2002.Methods: Seven thousand and five hundred sixty newborns hospitalized from 1983 to 2002 were classified according to their diseases and time periods.The data were analyzed with EPI software.Results: From 1983 to 2002, the newborns' infectious diseases decreased and non-infectious diseases increased.The fatality rates of infectious diseases were not significantly different (P>0.05) and the fatality rates of non-infectious diseases differed significantly (P<0.005) during this period.The fatality rate was closely related to day age of the infants;the less the day age, the higher the fatality rate (P<0.005).Conclusions: Intensive perinatal care and proper treament can reduce the fatality rate.