Abstract: Objective:To investigate the effects of the cognitive status of doctor-patient relationship on professional study in medical students.Methods:The medical students from the clinical medicine of Bengbu Medical College were investigated using self-made questionnaire.Results:Compared with junior students, the cognitions of tense doctor-patient relationship, risky professional doctor, heavy work pressure and more worry about doctor-patient relationship were found in senior students(P<0.01).Compared with junior students, the cognitions of more optimistic doctor-patient relationship and two sides responsibilities of doctor-patient dispute were found in senior students in the future(P<0.01).Compared with senior students, the professional ethics in junior students was paid more attention to(P<0.01).The news media was the main way of medical students understanding doctor-patient relationship, the teachers', words and deeds were important factors of affecting the cognitions of doctor-patient relationship in medical students(P<0.05).The professional satisfaction degree of senior medical students was lower than that in junior medical students(P<0.01).The learning enthusiasm of medical students with tense doctor-patient relationship was higher than that in students without tense doctor-patient relationship(P<0.01).Conclusions:The undesirable doctor-patient relationship has negative effects on professional satisfaction degree, learning enthusiasm and job-choosing view, which can be reduce by the effects of society, media, school and teacher.