Abstract: Objective:To evaluated the clinical effects of the noninvasive positive pressure ventilation(NIPPV) in the treatment of acute heart failure(AHF).Methods:Sixty patients with AHF were randomly divided into the control group and treatment group.The control group were treated with routine anti-heart failure therapy, and the treatment group were treated with NIPPV combined with routine therapy.The changes of clinical symptoms, heart rate(HR), respiratory rate(RR), mean arterial pressure(MAP), central venous pressure(CVP), arterial blood gas partial pressure of oxygen(PaO₂), partial pressure of oxygen(PaCO₂) and oxygen saturation(SaO₂) in two groups were observed before treatment and after 2 and 8 hours of treatment.The rehospitalization conditions of patients caused by heart failure were followed up after 6 months of discharge.Results:The cardiac function in treatment group treated with NIPPV was significantly improved, the effect of which was better than that in control group(P<0.05).After 2 and 8 hours of therapy, the levels of HR, RR, PaO₂ and SaO₂ in treatment group were better than those in control group(P<0.01).The difference of the PaCO₂ level in treatment group between before treatment and after 2 and 8 hours of therapy was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the control group, the levels of PaO₂, SaO₂ and CVP in treatment group increased(P<0.05 to P<0.01), and the levels of HR, RR and MAP in treatment group decreased(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The difference of the rehospitalization rate between two groups caused by heart failure was not statistically significant during the six months of following-up(P>0.05).Conclusions:NIPPV can obviously improve the hypoxemia and cardiac function in patients with AHF, which is a kind of safe and effective method in the treatment of AHF.