Abstract: Objective: To explore the diagnosis and treatment strategy of the acute obstruction of ureteral calculus complicated with infection in patients with solitary kidney for improving the diagnosis and treatment level.Methods: The treatment processes of the acute obstruction of ureteral calculus complicated with infection in two patients with solitary kidney were retrospectively analyzed,and the relevant literatures were reviewed.Results: Two patients with solitary kidney were treated with Holmium laser lithotripsy in emergency.One case with 0.7 cm calculus,postoperative sepsis,infectious shock and acute renal failure was treated with anti-infection and blood purification,and the patient cured.One case with 0.5 cm calculus and successful operation was treated with anti-infection and rehydration,and the patient recovered.Conclusions: The progression of ureteral calculus complicated with infection in patient with solitary kidney is fast and severe renal impairment.The individualized treatment should be used,the ureteral obstruction should be early relieved,and the renal function should be maximum protected.