Abstract: Objective: To detect the cause of tracheal granulation and its correlation with tracheobronchial foreign body in children,and find the means to improve the prognosis of tracheobronchial foreign body.Methods: The data of the gender,course of disease,imaging at discharge in 968 children with trachebronchial foreign body(including 76 children complicated with tracheal granulation) were retrospectively analyzed.Results: The incidence rates of tracheal granuloma in male and female were 7.1% and 8.8%,respectively,the difference of which was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).The foreign body history was identified in 64.9% of the patients with tracheal granuloma and 84.7% of patients without tracheal granuloma.The incidence rate of tracheal granuloma in patients with foreign body history(6.0%) was significantly lower than that in patients without foreign body history(16.0%) (P < 0.01).The imaging performance of the pneumonia in 31.1% of patients with granuloma at discharge was found,which was significantly higher than that in 17.1% of patients without granuloma(P < 0.01).Conclusions: The formation of granuloma is not correlation with gender,and is correlation with foreign body history.The removal of granulation during the operation can improve the prognosis of tracheobronchial foreign body.