Abstract: Objective: To observe the effects of oxycodone hydrochloride injection on early pain in patients with Wilson's disease(WD) after splenectomy.Methods: Sixty WD patients were randomly divided into the fentanyl hydrochloride injection group(group F) and oxycodone hydrochloride injection group(group O).In postanesthesia cura unit(PACU),the groups F and O were intravenously injected with 20 μg(10 μg/mL) of fentanyl and 2 mg (1 mg/mL) of oxycodone hydrochloride to relieve pain at extubation after operation,repectively,the treatment did not stop until the VAS score of patients was less than or equal to 4 points,the total number of drug delivery,incidence of nausea and vomiting,and the scores of heart rate,blood pressure,respiratory rate,oxygen saturation and sedation in all patients were recorded.After discharged from PACU,the VAS scores after 1,3 and 6 hours and adverse reactions after 6 hours were recorded,the postoperative analgesia satisfactory degree,time of the first administration and adverse reactions after 48 hours in two groups were recorded.Results: In PACU,compared with group F,the incidence of the respiratory rate and blood oxygen desaturation decreasing in group O decreased(P < 0.05 and P < 0.01),the Ramsay sedation score in group O was lower than that in group F (P < 0.01),the number of titration administration frequency and cases of remedial administration,and the first remedy analgesia interval time in group O significantly decreased and prolonged,respectively(P < 0.01).At 6 h discharged from PACU,compared with group F,the incidence of the respiratory rate slowing and blood oxygen desaturation decreasing and sedation score in group O decreased(P < 0.05 and P < 0.01).At 48 h discharged from the PACU,compared with group F,the analgesia satisfaction degree in group O increased(P < 0.05).Conclusions: The treatment of the early pain in WD patients after splenectomy with oxycodone hydrochloride injection is good effects and less adverse reactions.