Abstract: Objective: To study the correlation between ischemic cerebrovascular disease(ICVD) and ankle brachial index(ABI).Methods: The ABI measurement and routine biochemical tests were implemented in 120 ICVD patients diagnosed by arotid artery ultrasonography and transcranial color doppler(TCD) ultrasound.The patients were divided into the different groups according to the vascular stenosis degree,blood vessel number of lesions,and different Chinese ischemic stroke subtypes(CISS).The relationship between the intracranial arterial stenosis,number and location of lesions and different types of stroke,and ABI were compared.The cardiovascular events were observed during the period of 1-year following-up,and the correlation between cardiovascular events and ABI were analyzed.Results: With the number and extent of stenosis increasing,the abnormal rate of ABI increased,and the average value of ABI decreased(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The ABI value in single artery lesion group was significantly higher than that in large artery atherosclerosis group(P<0.01).The total incidence of cardiovascular event in normal ABI group(12.5%) was significantly lower than that in abnormal ABI group(48.8%)(P<0.01).Conclusions: The intracranial arterial ischemic degree,number and location of lesion and prognosis are related to the ABI.The ABI has high predictive value in severe intracranial artery stenosis,more than 3 branches lesions,large artery atheroscleosis disease classification and cardiovascular event.