Abstract: Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of the latanoprost in the treatment of ocular hypertension and open angle glaucoma(POAG).Methods:Using a randomized single blind controlled trial,80 patients(80 eyes) with ocular hypertension or POAG were randomly divided into the observation group and control group(40 cases each group).The observation group and control group were treated with latanoprost and travoprost,once a day,for 4 weeks,respectively.The clinical efficacy in 2 groups were observed.Results:The differences of intraocular pressure(IOP) before treatment and after 1,2,3 and 4 weeks of treatment between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with before treatment,the IOP in 2 groups after 1,2,3 and 4 weeks of treatment significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with before treatment,the IOP in 2 groups at 8 and 11 o'clock in the morning,and 2 and 4 o'clock in the afternoon significantly decreased after treatment(P<0.01),and the differences of the IOP in 2 groups at 8 and 11 o'clock in the morning,and 2 and 4 o'clock between before and after treatment were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The differences of the mean defect of visual field,central corneal thickness and Schirmer value before treatment,and BUT value before and after treatment between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).After treatment,the mean defect of visual field and Schirmer value in observation group were lower than that in control group(P<0.05 and P<0.01),and the central corneal thickness in observation group was higher than that in control group(P<0.01).During the treatment,the differences of the incidence rate of the conjunctival congestion,ngeyan,eye pain and burning sensation between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions:The effects of latanoprost and travoprost in the treatment of ocular hypertension and POAG are good,the adverse reaction between latanoprost and travoprost is similar.