Abstract: Objective: To investigate the influencing factors on cesarean scar pregnancy(CSP) for providing the theoretical basis in reducing and preventing the occurrence of CSP.Methods: Sixty patients with CSP were selected using the retrospective case-control study,and set as the CSP group.Sixty normal intrauterine pregnancy patients with uterine scar during the same period were set as the control group.The history data of two groups were complete,and the low cesarean section was implemented in two groups.The age,times of cesarean section and induced abortion,time of the last time of cesarean section and induced abortion,and previous cesarean section indications in two groups were analyzed.Results: The difference of the number of pregnancy between two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The differences of the times of cesarean section and induced abortion,and time of the last time of cesarean section and induced abortion were statistically significant(P<0.01).The number of patients with selective cesarean section(49 cases) was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01).Multi-factors non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the number of cesarean section and induced abortion,time of the last time of cesarean section and induced abortion,and cesarean section indications affected the occurrence of CSP(P< 0.05 to P< 0.01).Conclusions: The incidence rate of CSP in pregnancy patients with selective cesarean section is significantly higher than that in labor after surgery.With the prolonging of the interval time between two times of cesarean section,the incidence of CSP decreases.The effect of the age and number of pregnancy on the incidence of CSP is not obvious,but the number of induced abortion and cesarean section is positively correlated with the occurrence of CSP.