Abstract: Objective: To compare the advantages and disadvantages of the application of nanocarbon tracer assisted by laparoscopy in radical gastrectomy of advanced proximal gastric cancer,and explore the feasibility of the nanocarbon tracer application.Methods: Fourty advanced proximal gastric cancer patients treated with nanocarbon tracer assisted by laparoscopy and 40 patients treated without nanocarbon tracer were divdived into the nanocarbon group and control group,respectively.The operation time,peroperative bleeding,postoperative exhaust time and hospital stay,postoperative complications,number of the dissecting,black-dyed and metastasis of lymph nodes,and number of lymph nodes with less than 5 mm in diameter between two groups were compared.Results: There were not significant differences in the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative exhaust time and hospital stay,and incidence rate of postoperative complications between two groups(P>0.05).The average number of the positive lymph nodes,metastasis rate of the black-dyed lymph nodes,number of lymph nodes with less than 5 mm in diameter,and minimum diameter of lymph nodes in nanocarbon group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01).The metastasis rate of the black-dyed lymph nodes was higher than that of nonblack-dyed lymph nodes in nanocarbon group(P<0.01).Conclusions: In the radical gastrectomy of advanced proximal gastric cancer assisted by laparoscopy,the nanocarbon tracer is safe and effective,which can enhance the detecting number of lymph nodes and metastasis rate of lymph nodes.