Abstract: Objective:To study the effects of zoledronic acid on blood lipid and bone mineral density(BMD),and the relationship between blood lipid and BMD.Methods:One hundred and three postmenopausal osteoporosis patients were randomly divided into the treatment group(53 cases) and control group(50 cases).The treatment group was treated with 5 mg of zoledronic acid by intravenous infusionin one time 1 year,600 mg of caltrate D daily and 0.25 μg of alfacalcidol D3 daily for 12 months.The control group was treated with 600 mg of caltrate D daily and 0.25 μg of alfacalcidol D3 daily for 12 months.The levels of the bone density and blood lipid before and after treatment between two groups were compared.Results:After 12 months of treatment,the total bone density of L_2-4,ward triangle and proximal femur in treatment group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05),and the levels of cholesterol and in treatment group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The differences of the levels of triacylglycerol and between two groups were not statistically significant after treatment(P>0.05).Conclusions:After the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with 5mg of zoledronic acid,the BMD of lumbar vertebrae and proximal femur of osteoporosis patients obviously increases,and the blood lipid markedly decreases.