Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of thyroid gland mesangium excision in the central lymph node dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients.Methods: One hundred and thirty-four patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma were randomly divided into the observation group and control group(67 cases each group).The control group were treated with the routine lymph node dissection,and the observation group were treated with the central lymph node dissection of thyroid gland mesangium excision.After operation,the incidence rates of the lymph node metastasis,cough,vocal cord paralysis,numbness and hematoma were observed,and the levels of thyroid hormone and serum calcium were determined in two groups.Results: The lymph node metastasis and recurrence rate in observation group and control group were 5.97% and 16.42%,respectively,and the difference of which was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The total incidence rate in observation group and control groups were 10.93% and 22.39%,respectively,and the difference of which was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared before treatment,the levels of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone in 2 groups significantly decreased after treatment(P<0.01),and compared with the observation group,the increasing degree of the serum calcium and higher parathyroid hormone levels in control group was more obviously(P<0.01).Conclusions: The application of thyroid gland mesangium excision in the central lymph node dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients is good effects,low lymph node metastasis and recurrence rate,less complications,and no obvious parathyroid injury and hypocalcemia,which is worthy of application in clinic.