Abstract: Objective:To analyze the properties,adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in vitro.Methods:The abdominal adipose tissue of rabbit was harvested.The adipose-derived stem cells were isolated and cultured,and induced to adipogenic cells and cartilage cells in vitro.The adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells were identified using the oil red O staining,and type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemical staining and Alcian Blue staining,respectively.Results:The adipose-derived stem cell was prismatic cells,and could stably passage.There was not the morphology difference in each generation cells.The results of oil red O staining found that the adipose-derived stem cells could form the positive lipid droplets,which demonstrated that the cells had adipogenic differentiation ability.The type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemical staining and Alcian Blue staining showed that the adipose-derived stem cells could secrete the type Ⅱ collagen and sulfated proteoglycans,which demonstrated that the cells had the chondrogenic differentiation ability.Conclusions:The adipose-derived stem cells have the adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation abilites which can become the seed cell of fat and cartilage tissue engineering.