Abstract: Objective:To investigate the manifestation of early rheumatoid arthritis(ERA) using high frequency Doppler ultrasound(HFUS),and analyze its clinical application value.Methods:Forty patients with ERA and 40 health examination people at the same time were divided into the observation group and control group,respectively.The proximal interphalangeal joint(PIP) and metacarpophalangeal joint(MCP) from 1 to 5 were detected using HFUS.The synovial thickening,synovial vascular pannus,joint effusion,tendonitis and bone erosion of HFUS manifestations between two groups were compared.The hand in observation group was detected using X-ray.The positive rate of case and abnormal rate of joint between two detection methods were compared.Results:The results of HFUS showed that the synovial thickness of MCP and PIP in observation group(1.65±0.39)mm and (1.18±0.47)mm were significantly higher than those in control group(1.01±0.35)mm and (0.88±0.34)mm,respectively(P<0.01).Forty positive cases were detected using HFUS in observation group,and the positive rate of which was 100%.Six hundred and thirty-five abnormal joints were detected using HFUS in observation group,and the positive rate of which was 79.38%.Twelve positive cases were detected using X-ray in observation group,and the positive rate of which was 30.00%.Two hundred and twenty-five abnormal joints were detected using X-ray in observation group,and the positive rate of whcih was 28.13%.The detection rates of positive case and abnormal joint using HFUS were higher than those using X-ray(P<0.01).Conclusions:HFUS detection can show the synovial thickening and joint effusion,which has high positive rate,is economic,convenient and safe,and can provide a good reference value in clinic.