ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors of the refracture of osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures after percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP).

MethodsThe clinical data of 84 osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures patients treated with PKP were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were followed up for 12 to 57 months.The patients were divided into the refracture group and non-refracture group according to the refracture condition.The gender, age, body mass index(BMI), bone mineral density(BMD), number of injured vertebrae, number of cases with wedge-shaped vertebral bodies, number of involved vertebrae, way of bone cement injection, bone cement injection volume, intervertebral disc leakage of bone cement, anterior vertebral height restoration, postoperative kyphosis and structural type of thoracolumbar vertebrae were compared between two groups.

ResultsAmong 84 patients, the postoperative secondary fracture in 13 cases(18 times) after PKP were found.The results of univariate analysis showed the BMI and BMD in refracture group were lower than those in non-refracture group(P < 0.01), and the postoperative thoracolumbar structural abnormality rate in refracture group were higher than those in non-refracture group(P < 0.05).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the body mass index, bone mineral density, preoperative old vertebral wedge-shaped change and postoperative thoracolumbar structural abnormality rate were the high risk factors of postoperative vertebral refracture.

ConclusionsThe osteoporosis and degree of thoracolumbar structural injury are the risk factors of osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture after PKP.