血液透析病人抑郁和焦虑状态影响因素及生活质量分析

张帆; 杨雪球; 赵宸; 王艳; 方媛; 任伟

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2022.09.004

血液透析病人抑郁和焦虑状态影响因素及生活质量分析

Analysis of the influencing factors of depression and anxiety, and quality of life in hemodialysis patients

摘要

摘要:
目的了解维持性血液透析(MHD)抑郁、焦虑发病率及影响因素，探索焦虑、抑郁的MHD病人社会支持及生活质量情况。
方法采用抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、社会支持评定量表、健康调查量表，对MHD病人的抑郁、焦虑、社会支持及生活质量进行横断面研究。
结果202例MHD病人抑郁患病率为41.1%，焦虑患病率35.6%；logistic回归分析结果显示， < 45岁、未婚/离异、饮酒是MHD病人抑郁的主要影响因素，饮酒及子女个数少是MHD病人焦虑的主要影响因素(P < 0.05)。MHD抑郁及焦虑病人主观支持、支持利用度及生活质量评分均低于无抑郁及焦虑病人(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。
结论MHD病人抑郁、焦虑患病率高，受多种社会环境因素影响，社会支持利用度偏低，生活质量受到不良影响。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence and influencing factors of depression and anxiety in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) patients, and explore the social support and quality of life of MHD patients with anxiety and depression.
MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on the depression, anxiety, social support and quality of life of MHD patients using the self-rating depression scale, self-rating anxiety scale, social support rating scale and health survey scale.
ResultsThe prevalence rates of depression and anxiety in 202 MHD patients were 41.1% and 35.6%, respectively.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the < 45 years old, unmarried/divorced and drinking were the main influencing factors of depression, and the drinking and small number children were the main influencing factors of anxiety in MHD patients(P < 0.05).The scores of subjective support, support utilization and quality of life of MHD patients with depression and anxiety were lower than those of patients without depression and anxiety(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).
ConclusionsMHD patients have a high prevalence of depression and anxiety, which are affected by a variety of social environmental factors.MHD patients with depression and anxiety have low utilization of social support, and their quality of life is affected.

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