银杏叶提取物对地卓西平致精神分裂症模型大鼠的改善作用及其机制研究

朱莉文; 孙彩敬

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2022.12.001

银杏叶提取物对地卓西平致精神分裂症模型大鼠的改善作用及其机制研究

Improvement effects of the extract of Ginkgo biloba on the schizophrenia model rats induced by dizocilpine and its mechanism

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨银杏叶提取物（extract of Ginkgo biloba，EGB）对地卓西平（MK-801）致精神分裂症模型大鼠的改善作用及其机制。
方法选择40只清洁级雄性Sprague-Dawley（SD）成年大鼠，将其随机分为空白组、模型组、对照组与实验组，各10只，空白组腹腔注射0.9%氯化钠溶液，模型组、对照组与实验组均腹腔注射MK-801，对照组加用利培酮，实验组加用EGB，比较4组血清丙二醛（MDA）与超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平、额前脑组织谷氨酸（Glu）表达情况、各时间逃避潜伏期、旷场实验指标。
结果与空白组相比，模型组大鼠MDA水平明显升高，SOD、Glu表达水平明显降低，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。与模型组相比，对照组与实验组MDA水平明显降低，SOD、Glu表达水平明显升高，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。与对照组相比，实验组Glu表达水平明显升高，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。评估第1天、第2天，与空白组相比，模型组、对照组与实验组大鼠逃避潜伏期均明显延长，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。评估第3天、第4天、第5天，与模型组相比，对照组与实验组大鼠逃避潜伏期均明显缩短，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。与空白组相比，模型组大鼠穿越次数、中央活动时间比与中央活动路程比均明显增加，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。与模型组相比，对照组与实验组穿越次数、中央活动时间比与中央活动路程比均明显增加，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。
结论EGB能有效改善MK-801致精神分裂症，促进神经认知功能恢复，减少焦虑、恐惧情绪，与其降低MDA、SOD水平，发挥抑制脂质过氧化作用，纠正Glu功能障碍相关。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo analyze the improvement effects of extract of Ginkgo biloba(EGB) on the schizophrenia model rats induced by dizocilpine(MK-801), and its mechanism.
MethodsForty clean male Sprague-Dawley(SD) adult rats were randomly divided into the blank group, model group, control group and experimental group(10 rats in each group). The blank group was intraperitoneally injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The model group, control group and experimental group were intraperitoneally injected with MK-801. The control group was additionally injected with risperidone, while the experimental group was additionally treated with EGB. The serum levels of malondialdehyde(MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD), expression of glutamate(Glu) in frontal brain tissues, escape latency time and open field test parameters were compared among four groups.
ResultsCompared with the blank group, the MDA level was significantly higher, and the expression levels of SOD and Glu were significantly lower in model group(P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the level of MDA was significantly lower, and the expression levels of SOD and Glu were significantly higher in the control group and experimental group(P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the expression level of Glu was significantly higher in the experimental group(P < 0.01). On the first and second day of evaluation, the escape latency in model group, control group and experimental group were significantly longer than that in blank group(P < 0.05). On the third, fourth and fifth day of evaluation, the escape latency in control group and experimental group were significantly shorter than that in model group(P < 0.01). Compared with the blank group, the crossing frequency, central activity time ratio and central activity distance ratio in the model group significantly increased(P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the crossing frequency, central activity time ratio and central activity distance ratio in the control group and experimental group significantly increased, and the differences of which were statistically significant(P < 0.01).
ConclusionsEGB can effectively relieve the schizophrenia caused by MK-801, promote the recovery of neurocognitive function, and decrease anxiety and fear, which is related to the reduction of MDA and SOD levels, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and correction of Glu dysfunction.

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