孤独症谱系障碍患儿发育水平分析

杨小云; 张贝贝; 刘静; 赵莉; 许静

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2023.08.011

孤独症谱系障碍患儿发育水平分析

Analysis on the developmental level of children with autism spectrum disorder

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童发育水平, 为其早发现、早诊断及制定针对性干预措施提供依据。
方法选取确诊为ASD的18~36个月患儿45例作为观察组, 同期选取健康体检儿童40名为对照组。应用格塞尔(Gesell)发育量表分别对2组儿童进行发育水平测试, 比较2组各能区发育商(developmental quotient, DQ)。
结果观察组粗大运动、精细动作、应物能、语言能及应人能DQ均明显低于对照组(P < 0.01)。ASD患儿语言能区DQ最低, 其后由低到高依次为应人能、应物能、精细动作、粗大运动, 各能区DQ间差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。观察组不同性别患儿对应能区DQ差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
结论ASD患儿各能区发育水平均低于正常发育儿童, 且以语言能及应人能落后最为明显。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the developmental level of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and provide basis for early detection, early diagnosis, and targeted intervention.
MethodsA total of 45 children aged 18 to 36 months who were diagnosed with ASD were selected as the observation group, and 40 children who received normal physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.The gesell infant developmental scale was used to test the development of children in the two groups, and the developmental quotient (DQ) of the corresponding ability zones of the two groups was compared.
ResultsThe DQ of gross motor, fine motor, adaptive ability, language energy and social ability in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01).Children with ASD had the lowest DQ in the language energy zone, followed by social ability, adaptive ability, fine movement, gross movement, and there was a significant difference between the DQ in each energy region (P < 0.05).There was no difference in the DQ of the corresponding ability zones between boys and girls in the observation group (P>0.05).
ConclusionsThe level of development of children with ASD in each ability zone is lower than that of normal children, and the language and social ability zones lag behind most obvious.

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