基于OPT模型的信息护理方案对妇科恶性肿瘤病人干预效果研究

任遥娟; 张秀芳; 陈琴; 马亮亮

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2023.09.029

基于OPT模型的信息护理方案对妇科恶性肿瘤病人干预效果研究

Intervention effect of information nursing program based on OPT model in patients with gynecological malignant tumor

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨基于结局-现状-检测(OPT)模型的信息护理方案对妇科恶性肿瘤病人的干预效果。
方法选取58例妇科恶性肿瘤病人，随机分成对照组28例和观察组30例，对照组采用常规护理，观察组采用基于OPT模型的信息护理方案。比较2组干预前后不同时间点的医学应对方式和癌症病人支持性需求情况。
结果出院时；观察组中文版34条目癌症病人支持性需求简明问卷(SCNS-SF34)总分、“生理和日常生活”“心理”“卫生系统和信息”得分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)；干预后3个月，观察组SCNS-SF34总分和各维度得分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。随着干预时间延长，观察组SCNS-SF34总分和各维度得分均呈逐渐减少的趋势(P<0.01)。干预前，2组信息需求种类排序为：“卫生系统和信息”>“心理”>“病人照护与支持”>“生理和日常生活”>“性”；干预后3个月排序第一为“心理”，第二为“卫生系统和信息”，最后为“性”。出院时和干预后3个月，观察组“面对”得分明显高于对照组(P<0.01)，“回避”和“屈服”得分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组在出院时和干预后3个月“面对”得分均明显高于干预前(P<0.01)，“屈服”得分均明显低于干预前(P<0.01)；对照组在出院时和干预后3个月“回避”得分均高于干预前(P<0.05和P<0.01)。
结论基于OPT模型的信息护理方案可以提升妇科恶性肿瘤病人的信息储备，满足多种类信息需求，改善病人医学应对方式。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the intervention effect of information nursing program based on outcome-present state-test (OPT) model in patients with gynecological malignant tumor.
MethodsA total of 58 patients with gynecological malignant tumor were selected and randomly divided into control group (n=28) and observation group (n=30).The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group received information nursing based on OPT model.The medical coping styles and supportive needs of cancer patients at different time points before and after the intervention in two groups were compared.
ResultsAt discharge, the total score of the Chinese version of 34-item short-form supportive care needs survey (SCNS-SF34), and scores of "psychology" and "physiology and daily life" in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01).After 3 months of intervention, the total score of SCNS-SF34 and scores in its all dimensions in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01).As the intervention time prolonged, the total score of SCNS-SF34 and scores in its all dimensions in the observation group displayed a gradually decreasing trend (P<0.01).Before intervention, the information needs in the two groups were ranked as follows: "health system and information">"psychology">"patient care and support">"physiology and daily life">"sex".After 3 months of intervention, the first rank was "psychology", the second was "health system and information", and the last was "sex".At discharge and 3 months after intervention, the score of "facing" in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01), while the scores of "avoidance" and "submission" were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01).At discharge and 3 months after intervention, the score of "facing" in the observation group was significantly higher than that before intervention (P<0.01), the score of "submission" was significantly lower than that before intervention (P<0.01);while the score of "avoidance" in the control group was higher than that before intervention (P<0.05 and P<0.01).
ConclusionsThe information nursing program based on OPT model can enhance the information reserve of patients with gynecological malignant tumor, meet various information needs, and improve the medical coping style of patients.

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