Abstract: Objective:To observe the effect of ezetimibe combined with rosuvastatin in the treatment of patients with hypercholesterolemia.Methods:Seventy-six patients with hypercholesterolemia were randomly divided into two groups：experimental group(n=38，treated with ezetimibe and rosuvastatin) and control group(n=38，treated with rosuvastatin alone，10 mg／d).The lipid levels of all patients were assessed after three months treatment.Results:The cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels in experimental group were decreased more remarkably than those in control group(P0.01).In contrary，the alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase levels in experimental group were increased more remarkably than those in control group(P0.01).The increase of aspartate aminotransferase level in experimental group was lower than that in control group(P0.01).Conclusions:Ezetimibe combined with rosuvastatin can decrease lipid levels than rosuvastatin only when treated patients with hypercholesterolemia,but it need to measure the changes of alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase levels.