Abstract: Objective:To investigate the relativity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and treponema pallidum antibody gelatin particle agglutination test(TPPA) in detection of syphilis.Methods:Treponema pallidum antibodies in the serum were detected by ELISA,and a total of 207 positive samples and 50 negative samples were collected;then the collected samples were confirmed by TPPA test.According to the s/co value,the patients were divided into four groups and the positive rate of each group was analyzed by TPPA method.Results:The treponema pallidum antibody in the sera of 50 patients with s/co value1 by ELISA were all negative when detected by TPPA;the positive rates of the serum treponema pallidum antibody in patients with s/co value of 1 to 3.99，4 to 9.99 and 10 by ELISA were 88.7％，98.6％ and 100.0％,respectively.The positive rate of treponema pallidum antibody by TPPA test increased with the s/co value by ELISA method(P0.01).Conclusions:ELISA is a highly sensitive and automated method in detection of syphilis，which is suitable for clinical routine screening of a large number of specimens.Test by ELISA and TPPA is recommended when s/co value is between 1 and 9.99 in syphilis detection by ELISA to reduce the false positive possibility and provide more accurate laboratory evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of syphilis.