Abstract: Objective:To explore the risk factors of undergraduate depression and provide the basis for developing psychological warning mechanism and education.Methods:Two thousand five hundred and ninety-three undergraduates from six universities were randomly selected and required to fill out an uniform general questionnaire(including some basic information such as age,grade,family harmony degree,profession satisfaction,etc.) and the standardized Self-rating Depression Scale.The risk factors were analysed by binary logistic regression procedure.Results:The depression symptoms of 27.70% undergraduates were evident,which included 19.21% mild,7.52% moderate and 1.00% severe depressive symptoms.The mean depression severity was 0.480.10.There were a certain relation between gender,family financial situation,family harmony degree,affectional status,profession satisfaction,physical exercise,social activity and interpersonal relationship and depressive symptoms(P0.05 to P0.01).The grade,only-child,single-parent family and stay-at-home children were not significantly associated with depression(P0.05).Conclusions:A variety of factors are involved in the occurrence of undergraduate depression.Paying attention to the risk factors,establishing effective psychological screening and early warning mechanisms and timely tracking and intervention is the foundation of preventing the mental health deteriorating of undergraduate.