Abstract: Objective: To analyze the impact of socio-economic deprivation on cancer incidence and mortality of different districts covered by Chinese cancer registry.Methods: The income-based variables were used to reflect socio-economic deprivation.A panel data model was made according to the data from Chinese Cancer Registry Reports of 1998-2007, then the results were estimated with fixedeffect.Results: The relationship between cancer incidence,mortality and per capita gross domestic product,personal disposable income and expenditure were non-linear and reverted U-shape.Conclusions: The reverted U-shaped relationship could be the result of increasing socio-economic deprivation during economic development in most towns and cities,which promote cancer incidence and mortality.It is expected to change in the future,because further economic development may alleviate socio-economic deprivation and lower the incidence and mortality of cancer.