Abstract: Objective: To investigate and analyze the clinical factors related to hematoma enlargement after acute stage of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods: One hundred and seventy-eight patients at the acute stage of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in our department were divided into two groups.Forty-one patients with hematoma enlargement were included in the observation group,the others acted as control.The clinical data related to hematoma enlargement of the two groups were reviewed retrospectively.Results: There was significant difference between the two groups in symptoms such as vomiting,uneven CT density and the ratio of insobriety (P<0.01),while no difference was observed in the number of patients with or without diabetes between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusions: Vomiting,uneven density,hematoma and chronic alcohol consumption may be related to the hematoma enlargement after acute stage of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.