Analysis of the lymphocyte subsets expression in acute myocardial infarction patients treated with different treatment approaches

ObjectiveTo compare the expression changes of lymphocyte subsets in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients treated with between emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and drug, and explore the immune defence mechanism of AMI occurrence.

MethodsSixty AMI patients were set as the observation groupincluding 30 cases treatment with PCI combined with medication (PCI group) and 30 cases treatment with conventional medication (medication group), and 30 healthy people treated without special treatment were set as the control group.The peripheral blood of two groups were collected on the day of admission, the peripheral blood in the observation group were collected after 30 days of following-up.The expression of lymphocyte subsets was determined by flow cytometry, and the content of troponin Ⅰ (cTnI) in peripheral blood of the observation group was also detected.

ResultsCompared with the control group, the percentages of CD3⁺CD8⁺ and CD19⁺ B lymphocytes increased, the percentages of CD3⁺CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio decreased in the observation group, and the differences of whose were statistically significant (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).After 30 days of treatment, the expression of lymphocyte subsets in the PCI group was contrary to that in the drug group, and the difference of which was statistically significant (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio was negatively correlated with cTnI (r=-0.53, P < 0.05).

ConclusionsLymphocyte subsets are involved in the inflammatory response of AMI.The PCI therapy can repair myocardial immune inflammatory injury in AMI patients to different degrees.The CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio is negatively correlated with cTnI.The lower the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio is, the higher the cTnI is, and which suggests that the more severe the myocardial damage is, the worse the prognosis is.