Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy in diabetic patients in a suburb of Shanghai

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with diabetic mellitus (DM) in a suburb of Shanghai.

MethodsA population-based cross-sectional study was used.In July 2017, the registration information of 889 DM residents were obtained from the resident health archives of Baihe Center for Disease Prevention and Control.The information of blood and urine samples were analyzed, and the DR information was collected using the fundus images in all cases.The fundus images were analyzed according to the 2002 DR international clinical grading standard.

ResultsThe response rate in 698 residents was 92.46%, and 743 cases (90.4%) were diagnosed by fundus images.A total of 115 DR patients were diagnosed, and the prevalence of DR was 15.5%.Among them, the mild nonproliferative DR (NPDR), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR and proliferative DR accounted for 26.09%, 52.17%, 14.78% and 6.96%, respectively.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the high fasting blood glucose, high glycosylated hemoglobin, and low urine creatinine were the independent risk factors of DR (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The diabetic macular edema (DME) in 19 patients was found, and the prevalence of which was 2.56%.The DME distribution was associated with the DR grading, and the frequency of DME increased with the increasing of DR severity (P < 0.01).

ConclusionsThe prevalence of DR in DM patients in Baihe town, a suburb of Shanghai, is 15.5%.The NPDR is the main, and still in the early stage of the disease.Therefore, the diagnosis and intervention should timely be taken to prevent and control the development of DR.