Study on the relationship between periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus in nonsmoking women

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) in nonsmoking women for providing theoretic basis in treating and preventing this disease.

MethodsThe total periodontal examination was performed on 250 GDM women(GDM group) and 250 normal pregnant women(control group).The periodontitis was defined as the presence of ≥5 mm probing depth(PD) at ≥1 site in the mouth and loss of clinical periodontal attachment(CAL) at the same site ≥2 mm.The expression levels of C reactive protein(CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in two groups were measured in peripheral blood, and the conditional logistic regression test was used to analyze the results.

ResultsThe family history of diabetes and prepregnancy body mass index in GDM group were higher than those in control group(P < 0.01).The percentage of PD, CAL, exploratory bleeding site and rate of periodontitis in GDM group were higher than those in control group(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The periodontitis and family history of diabetes were the risk factors of GDM(P < 0.01).The CRP expression level in GDM group was higher than that in control group(P < 0.01).

ConclusionsThe periodontitis is associated with GDM.The clinicians should pay attention to the periodontal status of pregnant women.