Role of multi-immune gene prognosis model in evaluating the survival and prognosis of colorectal cancer: a study based on the TCGA database

ObjectiveTo screen the immune genes related to the prognosis of colorectal cancer through bioinformatics and construct a multi-immune gene prognosis model, so as to provide important clinical data for the evaluation of survival and prognosis of colorectal cancer, and to provide ideas for the study of tumor immunity in colorectal cancer.

MethodsThe gene expression data and clinicopathological data of colorectal cancer were downloaded from TCGA database, and the differentially expressed genes were obtained after differential analysis.The immune genes were downloaded from ImmPort immune gene database, and the differentially expressed immune genes were obtained after intersection with differential genes of colorectal cancer.Further, survival analysis of differential immune genes was carried out to obtain prognosis-related genes of colorectal cancer, so as to build a multi-immune gene prognosis model (prognosis model).Then, the effect of prognosis model risk score on the survival of colorectal cancer was evaluated by survival analysis, ROC analysis and drawing the risk curve were used to verify the accuracy of the prognosis model risk score in assessing the prognosis of colorectal cancer, and whether the prognostic model risk score being an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients was evaluated through independent prognostic analysis.Finally, the correlation between immune genes, transcription factors and immune cells was analyzed.

ResultsThe prognosis of the high-risk group with immune gene prognosis model risk score was poor (P < 0.01).The prognostic model risk score could accurately group the prognosis of colorectal patients, and had high accuracy in the analysis of colorectal prognosis (AUC=0.861).There is a certain correlation between immune genes, transcription factors and immune cells.

ConclusionsThe prognosis model can accurately assess the prognosis of patients, and the survival time of patients in the high-risk group is significantly lower than that of the low-risk group.Immune genes may regulate the malignant progression of tumors by regulating the production of transcription factors and immune cells.This study clarifies the influence of immune factors on the prognosis of colorectal cancer, and provides the reference for the research of colorectal cancer in the field of immunity.